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1 καὶ ἐγένετο ἐν τῷ ἑνδεκάτῳ ἔτει ἐν τῷ τρίτῳ μηνὶ μιᾷ τοῦ μηνὸς ἐγένετο λόγος κυρίου πρός με λέγων 2 υἱὲ ἀνθρώπου εἰπὸν πρὸς Φαραω βασιλέα Αἰγύπτου καὶ τῷ πλήθει αὐτοῦ τίνι ὡμοίωσας σεαυτὸν ἐν τῷ ὕψει σου 3 ἰδοὺ Ασσουρ κυπάρισσος ἐν τῷ Λιβάνῳ καὶ καλὸς ταῖς παραφυάσιν καὶ ὑψηλὸς τῷ μεγέθει εἰς μέσον νεφελῶν ἐγένετο ἡ ἀρχὴ αὐτοῦ 4 ὕδωρ ἐξέθρεψεν αὐτόν ἡ ἄβυσσος ὕψωσεν αὐτόν τοὺς ποταμοὺς αὐτῆς ἤγαγεν κύκλῳ τῶν φυτῶν αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰ συστέματα αὐτῆς ἐξαπέστειλεν εἰς πάντα τὰ ξύλα τοῦ πεδίου 5 ἕνεκεν τούτου ὑψώθη τὸ μέγεθος αὐτοῦ παρὰ πάντα τὰ ξύλα τοῦ πεδίου καὶ ἐπλατύνθησαν οἱ κλάδοι αὐτοῦ ἀ{F'} ὕδατος πολλοῦ 6 ἐν ταῖς παραφυάσιν αὐτοῦ ἐνόσσευσαν πάντα τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ὑποκάτω τῶν κλάδων αὐτοῦ ἐγεννῶσαν πάντα τὰ θηρία τοῦ πεδίου ἐν τῇ σκιᾷ αὐτοῦ κατῴκησεν πᾶν πλῆθος ἐθνῶν 7 καὶ ἐγένετο καλὸς ἐν τῷ ὕψει αὐτοῦ διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν κλάδων αὐτοῦ ὅτι ἐγενήθησαν αἱ ῥίζαι αὐτοῦ εἰς ὕδωρ πολύ 8 κυπάρισσοι τοιαῦται οὐκ ἐγενήθησαν ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ τοῦ θεοῦ καὶ πίτυες οὐχ ὅμοιαι ταῖς παραφυάσιν αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐλάται οὐκ ἐγένοντο ὅμοιαι τοῖς κλάδοις αὐτοῦ πᾶν ξύλον ἐν τῷ παραδείσῳ τοῦ θεοῦ οὐχ ὡμοιώθη αὐτῷ ἐν τῷ κάλλει αὐτοῦ 9 διὰ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν κλάδων αὐτοῦ καὶ ἐζήλωσεν αὐτὸν τὰ ξύλα τοῦ παραδείσου τῆς τρυφῆς τοῦ θεοῦ | 1 That same year, on the first day of the third month, word came to me from the Lord: 2 Son of man, here is a message for Pharao, king of Egypt, and his retinue. Say to him, This greatness of thine, whose memory does it recall? 3 Not less powerful once was the Assyrian[1] king, a very cedar of Lebanon. How fair its boughs, yonder tree, its leaves how overshadowing; what height, what thickness of growth about its top! 4 Water nourished it, water came up from the depth beneath to sustain it, washed about its roots and parted into runnels to feed the trees around. 5 In all the country-side none rose so tall, had covert so thick, branches so wide; none fed so deep. 6 Among its boughs the birds nested, the beasts in their travail sought its shade; proud nations a many under Assyria’s shelter grew. 7 So fair it was, so tall and spreading, there by the brimming water’s side, 8 in God’s own garden cedar could not overtop it, fir-tree match it for height, or plane-tree for shade. God’s garden itself could not shew such beauty: 9 never a tree there, tree of Eden,[2] but must envy it the leafy loveliness that was my gift. | 1 Et factum est in anno undecimo, tertio mense, una mensis: factum est verbum Domini ad me, dicens: 2 Fili hominis, dic Pharaoni regi Ægypti et populo ejus: Cui similis factus es in magnitudine tua? ecce Assur quasi cedrus in Libano, pulcher ramis, et frondibus nemorosus, excelsusque altitudine, et inter condensas frondes elevatum est cacumen ejus. Aquæ nutrierunt illum; abyssus exaltavit illum: flumina ejus manabant in circuitu radicum ejus, et rivos suos emisit ad universa ligna regionis. Propterea elevata est altitudo ejus super omnia ligna regionis, et multiplicata sunt arbusta ejus, et elevati sunt rami ejus præ aquis multis. Cumque extendisset umbram suam, in ramis ejus fecerunt nidos omnia volatilia cæli: et sub frondibus ejus genuerunt omnes bestiæ saltuum, et sub umbraculo illius habitabat cœtus gentium plurimarum. Eratque pulcherrimus in magnitudine sua, et in dilatatione arbustorum suorum: erat enim radix illius juxta aquas multas. Cedri non fuerunt altiores illo in paradiso Dei; abietes non adæquaverunt summitatem ejus, et platani non fuerunt æquæ frondibus illius: omne lignum paradisi Dei non est assimilatum illi, et pulchritudini ejus. Quoniam speciosum feci eum, et multis condensisque frondibus, et æmulata sunt eum omnia ligna voluptatis quæ erant in paradiso Dei. |
10 διὰ τοῦτο τάδε λέγει κύριος ἀν{Q'} ὧν ἐγένου μέγας τῷ μεγέθει καὶ ἔδωκας τὴν ἀρχήν σου εἰς μέσον νεφελῶν καὶ εἶδον ἐν τῷ ὑψωθῆναι αὐτόν 11 καὶ παρέδωκα αὐτὸν εἰς χεῖρας ἄρχοντος ἐθνῶν καὶ ἐποίησεν τὴν ἀπώλειαν αὐτοῦ 12 καὶ ἐξωλέθρευσαν αὐτὸν ἀλλότριοι λοιμοὶ ἀπὸ ἐθνῶν καὶ κατέβαλον αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τῶν ὀρέων ἐν πάσαις ταῖς φάραγξιν ἔπεσαν οἱ κλάδοι αὐτοῦ καὶ συνετρίβη τὰ στελέχη αὐτοῦ ἐν παντὶ πεδίῳ τῆς γῆς καὶ κατέβησαν ἀπὸ τῆς σκέπης αὐτῶν πάντες οἱ λαοὶ τῶν ἐθνῶν καὶ ἠδάφισαν αὐτόν 13 ἐπὶ τὴν πτῶσιν αὐτοῦ ἀνεπαύσαντο πάντα τὰ πετεινὰ τοῦ οὐρανοῦ καὶ ἐπὶ τὰ στελέχη αὐτοῦ ἐγένοντο πάντα τὰ θηρία τοῦ ἀγροῦ 14 ὅπως μὴ ὑψωθῶσιν ἐν τῷ μεγέθει αὐτῶν πάντα τὰ ξύλα τὰ ἐν τῷ ὕδατι καὶ οὐκ ἔδωκαν τὴν ἀρχὴν αὐτῶν εἰς μέσον νεφελῶν καὶ οὐκ ἔστησαν ἐν τῷ ὕψει αὐτῶν πρὸς αὐτὰ πάντες οἱ πίνοντες ὕδωρ πάντες ἐδόθησαν εἰς θάνατον εἰς γῆς βάθος ἐν μέσῳ υἱῶν ἀνθρώπων πρὸς καταβαίνοντας εἰς βόθρον | 10 Alas, that he should aim too high, the Lord God says; alas for youth’s luxuriant promise, that swelled his heart with pride! 11 I must needs hand him over to a conquering power, that should settle my reckoning with him; he, the godless, homeless should be. 12 Cut down, yonder tree, by alien folk, heathen that pity have none, and left to lie on the hill-side, boughs choking the valleys, branches carried off by the mountain streams; vassal nations abandoned his shelter, and he was all alone. 13 In the fallen trunk birds nested, under torn branches the wild beasts made their lair; 14 never again should tree boast of its height, there by the river bank, overtopping the covert of the woods, never again should the waters nourish its pride. Death and the deep earth should await them all, mortal things to a mortal doom appointed. | 10 Propterea hæc dicit Dominus Deus: Pro eo quod sublimatus est in altitudine, et dedit summitatem suam virentem atque condensam, et elevatum est cor ejus in altitudine sua: tradidi eum in manu fortissimi gentium: faciens faciet ei: juxta impietatem ejus ejeci eum. Et succident eum alieni, et crudelissimi nationum, et projicient eum super montes: et in cunctis convallibus corruent rami ejus, et confringentur arbusta ejus in universis rupibus terræ: et recedent de umbraculo ejus omnes populi terræ, et relinquent eum. In ruina ejus habitaverunt omnia volatilia cæli, et in ramis ejus fuerunt universæ bestiæ regionis. Quam ob rem non elevabuntur in altitudine sua omnia ligna aquarum, nec ponent sublimitatem suam inter nemorosa atque frondosa, nec stabunt in sublimitate sua omnia quæ irrigantur aquis: quia omnes traditi sunt in mortem ad terram ultimam, in medio filiorum hominum, ad eos qui descendunt in lacum. |
15 τάδε λέγει κύριος κύριος ἐν ᾗ ἡμέρᾳ κατέβη εἰς ᾅδου ἐπένθησεν αὐτὸν ἡ ἄβυσσος καὶ ἐπέστησα τοὺς ποταμοὺς αὐτῆς καὶ ἐκώλυσα πλῆθος ὕδατος καὶ ἐσκότασεν ἐ{P'} αὐτὸν ὁ Λίβανος πάντα τὰ ξύλα τοῦ πεδίου ἐ{P'} αὐτῷ ἐξελύθησαν 16 ἀπὸ τῆς φωνῆς τῆς πτώσεως αὐτοῦ ἐσείσθησαν τὰ ἔθνη ὅτε κατεβίβαζον αὐτὸν εἰς ᾅδου μετὰ τῶν καταβαινόντων εἰς λάκκον καὶ παρεκάλουν αὐτὸν ἐν γῇ πάντα τὰ ξύλα τῆς τρυφῆς καὶ τὰ ἐκλεκτὰ τοῦ Λιβάνου πάντα τὰ πίνοντα ὕδωρ 17 καὶ γὰρ αὐτοὶ κατέβησαν με{T'} αὐτοῦ εἰς ᾅδου ἐν τοῖς τραυματίαις ἀπὸ μαχαίρας καὶ τὸ σπέρμα αὐτοῦ οἱ κατοικοῦντες ὑπὸ τὴν σκέπην αὐτοῦ ἐν μέσῳ τῆς ζωῆς αὐτῶν ἀπώλοντο 18 τίνι ὡμοιώθης κατάβηθι καὶ καταβιβάσθητι μετὰ τῶν ξύλων τῆς τρυφῆς εἰς γῆς βάθος ἐν μέσῳ ἀπεριτμήτων κοιμηθήσῃ μετὰ τραυματιῶν μαχαίρας οὕτως Φαραω καὶ τὸ πλῆθος τῆς ἰσχύος αὐτοῦ λέγει κύριος κύριος | 15 Sad dirge was his, the Lord God says, at his down-going; the great depth was the shroud of him, its flooding streams hushed and stayed; mourned Lebanon, and all the forest swooned away. 16 How it echoed through the world, the crash of his fall! He too, like all mortal things, was for the earth at last; comfort for those others that were brought to earth like himself, trees of Eden like himself, so noble, so fair, so well watered! 17 All alike must go down to the grave, the sword’s way; his arm …[3] … his shadow their protection against surrounding nations. 18 And thou, in thy greatness and glory among Eden’s trees so like him! Yet thou, like other Eden trees, must come down low as earth can bring thee; and the sword shall level thee with the uncircumcised in death. (Pharao is meant, and Pharao’s retinue, the Lord God says.[4]) |
15 Hæc dicit Dominus Deus: In die quando descendit ad inferos, induxi luctum: operui eum abysso, et prohibui flumina ejus, et coërcui aquas multas: contristatus est super eum Libanus, et omnia ligna agri concussa sunt. A sonitu ruinæ ejus commovi gentes cum deducerem eum ad infernum cum his qui descendebant in lacum: et consolata sunt in terra infima omnia ligna voluptatis egregia atque præclara in Libano, universa quæ irrigabantur aquis. Nam et ipsi cum eo descendent in infernum ad interfectos gladio: et brachium uniuscujusque sedebit sub umbraculo ejus in medio nationum. Cui assimilatus es, o inclyte atque sublimis inter ligna voluptatis? ecce deductus es cum lignis voluptatis ad terram ultimam: in medio incircumcisorum dormies, cum eis qui interfecti sunt gladio: ipse est Pharao, et omnis multitudo ejus, dicit Dominus Deus. |
[1] Some think that the name of Assyria has crept in through an error in the text, and that Egypt itself, not Assyria, is being compared to the cedar-tree. In verse 6, there is no mention of Assyria in the original; it has been introduced for the sake of clearness, on the assumption that the text of verse 3 has been correctly preserved.
[2] Here, and in verses 16 and 18, the name ‘Eden’ has been translated ‘pleasure’ in the Latin version.
[3] There seems to have been either an error, or an omission, in the Hebrew text. The Latin rendering, ‘the arm of each will sit under its shade’ yields no good sense.
[4] According to the Septuagint Greek, the concluding words of the chapter should read ‘So (it will be with) Pharao and all his retinue’.
Knox Translation Copyright © 2013 Westminster Diocese
Nihil Obstat. Father Anton Cowan, Censor.
Imprimatur. +Most Rev. Vincent Nichols, Archbishop of Westminster. 8th January 2012.
Re-typeset and published in 2012 by Baronius Press Ltd